< img height="1" width="1" style="display: none" src="https://www.facebook.com/tr?id=1241806559960313&ev=PageView&noscript=1" /> Akụkọ - Drones na-enyocha uto ihe ubi

Drones na-enyocha uto ihe ubi

Drones-Nleba anya-Uto-Uto-1

UAV nwere ike iburu ihe mmetụta sensọ dịpụrụ adịpụ dị iche iche, nke nwere ike nweta ozi dị n'ụdị dị iche iche, nke ziri ezi nke ala ubi wee ghọta nleba anya siri ike nke ọtụtụ ụdị ozi ala ubi. Ozi dị otú ahụ na-agụnye ozi nkesa gbasara ihe ubi (nchịkọta ala ubi, njirimara ụdị ihe ọkụkụ, nleba anya n'ógbè na mgbanwe nleba anya, mmịpụta akụrụngwa ubi), ozi uto ihe ubi (ihe ọkụkụ phenotypic, ihe nrịbama nri, mkpụrụ), na ihe na-akpata nrụgide uto ihe ubi (mmiri mmiri mmiri). , pests na ọrịa) mgbanwe.

Ozi gbasara mbara ala ubi

Ozi gbasara ọnọdụ ala ubi na-agụnye nhazi mpaghara mpaghara na nhazi nke ihe ọkụkụ enwetara site na ịkpa oke anya ma ọ bụ njirimara igwe. Enwere ike mata oke ala site na nhazi mpaghara, na mpaghara ihe ọkụkụ nwekwara ike ịkọwa. Usoro ọdịnala nke digitizing maapụ topographic dị ka map ntọala maka atụmatụ mpaghara na atụmatụ mpaghara enweghị oge na-adịghị mma, na ọdịiche dị n'etiti oke oke na ọnọdụ dị adị bụ nnukwu ma enweghị nghọta, nke na-adịghị akwado mmejuputa akuko nke ziri ezi. UAV remote sensing nwere ike nweta ozi gbasara ọnọdụ ala ubi ozugbo, nke nwere uru na-enweghị atụ nke usoro ọdịnala. Ihe onyonyo nke ikuku sitere na igwefoto dijitalụ nwere nkọwa dị elu nwere ike ịghọta njirimara na mkpebi siri ike nke ozi gbasara mbara ala nke ala ubi, yana mmepe teknụzụ nhazi oghere na-emezi nkenke na omimi nke nyocha na ozi ọnọdụ ala ugbo, ma na-emezi mkpebi gbasara oghere ebe ị na-ewebata ozi elu. , nke na-achọpụta nleba anya nke ọma gbasara ozi gbasara ala ubi.

Ozi Uto ihe ubi

Enwere ike iji ozi gbasara paramita phenotypic, ihe nrịbama nri na mkpụrụ osisi mara uto ihe ubi. Phenotypic parameters gụnyere ahịhịa cover, akwukwo ebe index, biomass, osisi elu, wdg. Ndị a paramita bụ njikọ na mkpokọta mara ihe ubi. Paragraf ndị a nwere njikọ chiri anya ma na-akọwapụta mkpokọta ihe ọkụkụ na-eto eto yana metụtara mkpụrụ ikpeazụ. Ha bụ ndị na-achị na nyocha nleba anya gbasara ozi ugbo na emewokwa ọtụtụ ọmụmụ ihe.

1) Kpochapụ ihe njiri mara ihe

Ndekọ mpaghara akwukwo (LAI) bụ mkpokọta akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ nwere otu akụkụ n'otu akụkụ nke ọ bụla, nke nwere ike ịkọwa nke ọma nnabata ihe ọkụkụ na ojiji nke ike ọkụ, yana njikọ chiri anya na mkpokọta ihe ọkụkụ na mkpụrụ ikpeazụ. Ndekọ mpaghara akwụkwọ bụ otu n'ime usoro uto mkpụrụ akụ nke UAV na-enyocha ugbu a. Ịgbakọ indices ahịhịa (oke ahịhịa index, normalized ahịhịa index, ala conditioning ahịhịa index, iche ahịhịa index, wdg) na multispectral data na guzosie regression ụdị na ala eziokwu data bụ a ọzọ tozuru okè usoro invert phenotypic parameters.

N'elu-ala biomass ke mbubreyo ibu ogbo nke kụrụ na-metụtara ma mkpụrụ na àgwà. Ka ọ dị ugbu a, ntule biomass site na UAV remote sensing na ọrụ ugbo ka na-ejikarị data multispectral, na-ewepụta spectral parameters, ma na-agbakọ index ahịhịa maka ịmegharị; Nkà na ụzụ nhazi oghere nwere ụfọdụ uru na ntule biomass.

2) Ihe ngosi nri ihe ubi

Nleba anya n'ọdịnala nke ọnọdụ nri ihe ọkụkụ chọrọ nyocha ubi na nyocha kemịkalụ ime ụlọ iji chọpụta ọdịnaya nke nri ma ọ bụ ihe ngosi (chlorophyll, nitrogen, wdg), ebe UAV remote sensing dabere n'eziokwu ahụ bụ na ihe dị iche iche nwere ihe ngosipụta pụrụ iche-absorption njiri mara maka. nchoputa. A na-enyocha chlorophyll na-adabere n'eziokwu ahụ bụ na ọ nwere mpaghara abụọ siri ike na-agbapụta n'ime ọkụ ọkụ a na-ahụ anya, ya bụ akụkụ uhie nke 640-663 nm na-acha anụnụ anụnụ-violet nke 430-460 nm, ebe absorption adịghị ike na 550 nm. Agba akwụkwọ na njirimara udidi na-agbanwe mgbe ihe ọkụkụ dị ụkọ, na ịchọpụta njirimara ndekọ aha nke agba na udidi dabara na erughị eru dị iche iche na ihe ndị metụtara ya bụ isi ihe na-eme nyocha ihe oriri. Dị ka nleba anya nke paramita uto, nhọrọ nke njirisi njirimara, ndepụta ahịhịa na ụdị amụma ka bụ isi ọdịnaya nke ọmụmụ.

3) Ihe ubi

Ịba ụba mkpụrụ osisi bụ isi ebumnuche nke ọrụ ugbo, na ntule ziri ezi nke mkpụrụ dị mkpa maka ma ngalaba mmepụta ugbo na ngalaba na-eme mkpebi nchịkwa. Ọtụtụ ndị nchọpụta agbalịala iguzobe ụdị nleba anya mkpụrụ nwere ezi amụma dị elu site na nyocha multifactor.

Drones-Nleba anya-Uto-Uto-2

Mmiri Ugbo

A na-enyochakarị iru mmiri nke ala ubi site na ụzọ infrared thermal. N'ebe ndị nwere nnukwu ihe mkpuchi ahịhịa, mmechi nke akwukwo stomata na-ebelata mmiri na-efunahụ n'ihi transpiration, nke na-ebelata ọkụ ọkụ latent n'elu ma na-eme ka ọkụ ọkụ nke nwere ezi uche dị n'elu, nke n'aka nke ya na-eme ka mmụba nke ikpo ọkụ, nke bụ. a na-ewere dị ka okpomọkụ nke mkpuchi osisi. Dị ka egosipụta n'ihe ọkụkụ ike itule nke mmiri nchegbu index nwere ike mụbaa mmekọrịta dị n'etiti ihe ubi mmiri ọdịnaya na kanopi okpomọkụ, otú ahụ kanopi okpomọkụ nwetara site thermal infrared sensọ nwere ike na-egosipụta na iru mmiri ọnọdụ nke ala ubi; ala iferi ma ọ bụ ahịhịa na-ekpuchi obere ebe, nwere ike iji na-directed inverted ala mmiri mmiri na okpomọkụ nke subsurface, nke bụ ụkpụrụ na: kpọmkwem okpomọkụ nke mmiri dị ukwuu, okpomọkụ nke okpomọkụ na-adị ngwa ịgbanwe, ya mere. nkesa mbara ala nke okpomọkụ nke subsurface n'ụbọchị nwere ike na-apụta ìhè na-apụtaghị ìhè na nkesa nke ala mmiri mmiri. Ya mere, nkesa mbara ala nke okpomọkụ dị n'okpuru ehihie nwere ike igosipụta nkesa mmiri nke ala n'ụzọ na-apụtaghị ìhè. N'ịleba anya na ọnọdụ okpomọkụ, ala na-adịghị ahụkebe bụ ihe nnyonye anya dị mkpa. Ụfọdụ ndị nchọpụta amụwo mmekọrịta dị n'etiti okpomọkụ nke ala na-ekpo ọkụ na ihe ọkụkụ nke ihe ọkụkụ, kọwaara ọdịiche dị n'etiti nleba okpomọkụ nke ala na-enweghị isi kpatara na ezigbo uru, ma jiri nsonaazụ edoziziri na nlekota nke mmiri nke ala ubi iji meziwanye izi ezi nke nlekota. nsonaazụ. N'ime njikwa mmepụta ala ubi n'ezie, mmiri na-agbapụta n'ubi bụkwa ihe a na-elekwasị anya, enweela ọmụmụ ihe na-eji ihe onyonyo infrared na-enyocha mmiri mmiri ọwa mmiri, izi ezi nwere ike iru 93%.

Ụmụ ahụhụ na ọrịa

Ojiji nke nso-infrared spectral reflectance nlekota nke osisi pests na ọrịa, dabere na: epupụta na nso-infrared mpaghara nke echiche site sponge anụ ahụ na ngere anụ ahụ akara, ike osisi, ndị a abụọ anụ ahụ gaps jupụtara mmiri na mgbasawanye. , bụ ezigbo ngosipụta nke radieshon dị iche iche; mgbe osisi ahụ mebiri emebi, akwụkwọ ahụ mebiri emebi, anụ ahụ na-agbaze, mmiri na-ebelata, echiche infrared na-ebelata ruo mgbe ọ ga-efunahụ ya.

Igwe ọkụ infrared na-ahụ maka okpomọkụ bụkwa ihe dị mkpa na-egosi pests na ọrịa nke ihe ọkụkụ. Osisi na ahụ ike ọnọdụ, tumadi site akara nke akwukwo stomatal oghere na mmechi nke transpiration iwu, ịnọgide na-enwe nkwụsi ike nke onwe ha okpomọkụ; N'ihe banyere ọrịa, mgbanwe nke pathological ga-eme, onye na-ahụ maka ọrịa nje - mmekọrịta ndị ọbịa na pathogen na osisi ahụ, karịsịa na akụkụ ndị metụtara transpiration nke mmetụta ga-ekpebi akụkụ nke ịrị elu nke okpomọkụ na ọdịda. N'ozuzu, nghọta osisi na-eduga na nkwụsị nke oghere stomatal, ya mere transpiration dị elu na mpaghara ọrịa karịa na mpaghara ahụike. Ntugharị siri ike na-eduga na mbelata okpomọkụ nke mpaghara nje ahụ yana ọdịiche dị elu nke okpomọkụ dị n'elu akwukwo karịa na akwụkwọ nkịtị ruo mgbe ntụpọ necrotic pụtara n'elu akwụkwọ ahụ. The mkpụrụ ndụ na necrotic ebe bụ kpamkpam nwụrụ anwụ, transpiration na akụkụ ahụ kpamkpam furu efu, na okpomọkụ na-amalite ịrị elu, ma n'ihi na ndị ọzọ nke akwukwo amalite ibu oria, okpomọkụ dị iche na akwukwo elu bụ mgbe elu karịa nke. osisi dị mma.

Ozi ndị ọzọ

N'ihe gbasara nleba anya ozi ala ubi, data nhụta anya UAV nwere ọtụtụ ngwa. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, enwere ike iji ya wepụta mpaghara ọka dara ada site na iji ọtụtụ atụmatụ ederede, na-egosipụta ọkwa ntozu nke akwụkwọ n'oge oge ntozu owu site na iji NDVI index, wee mepụta maapụ ndenye ọgwụ nke abscisic acid nke nwere ike iduzi ịgbasa nke abscisic acid nke ọma. n'elu owu ka ịzenarị ngwa ngwa nke pesticides, na ihe ndị ọzọ. Dị ka mkpa nke oru nlekota oru na njikwa, ọ bụ ihe a na-apụghị izere ezere omume maka ọdịnihu mmepe nke informatized na digitized ugbo ka nọgidere na-enyocha ozi nke UAV remote sensing data na gbasaa ya ngwa ubi.


Oge nzipu: Dec-24-2024

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